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Custom commemorative coins date back in history for
many years.
The use of custom coins in the United States can be traced to 1824. There are Andrew
Jackson for President Campaign Coins from the 1824 election supporting
this evidence. Its probably fair to assume that custom commemorative
coins didn’t
originate in that year.
This story of the
challenge coin was
passed on to us through a succession of Marines from World War one.
During the first
World War American
volunteers from around the country joined the newly formed flying
squadrons. Some were wealthy young men who dropped out of colleges such as Yale
and Harvard to enlist in the military and serve their country.
In one squadron, a wealthy
lieutenant ordered solid bronze medallions embossed with the squadron
emblem for every member of his squadron. He carried his medallion in a
small leather sack about his neck.
Shortly after
acquiring the medallions, the lieutenant’s aircraft crash landed from enemy
fire behind
enemy lines where he was captured by a German patrol.
The Germans took all of his personal
possessions except for the coin which he had concealed from them.
After being
transported to a small
French town near the front lines the lieutenant managed to escape during
the commotion of a bomb raid on the town. During the attack, he donned civilian clothes and
fled without personal identification.
After escaping, the brave pilot
succeeded in avoiding German patrols until he reached the front lines.
With great difficulty, he crossed no-man's land and stumbled into a
French outpost.
Unfortunately, the French in this
sector had been plagued by German saboteurs, who sometimes masqueraded
as civilians and wore civilian clothes. Not recognizing the young
pilot's American accent, the French thought him to be a saboteur and
made ready to execute him.
The American lieutenant
remembered his bronze medallion. He showed
the medallion to his would-be executioners. When the French captors
recognized the squadron insignia on the medallion, they gave the pilot
enough time to confirm his identity. Instead of shooting him, they gave
him a bottle of wine.
Eventually the pilot made it back
to his squadron, where it became a tradition to ensure all members
carried their medallion or coin at all times.
This was accomplished through a
challenge. A service member would ask to see the coin. If the challenger
could not produce his coin, he was required to purchase a drink of
choice for the member who had challenged him.
If the challenged member produced
his coin, then the challenging member was required to pay for the drink.
This tradition continued through
the war and for many years after while surviving members of the squadron
were still alive.
Today, military service members
often trade these coins while deployed. In some cases a coin can be
earned meritoriously for a job well done.
Regardless of how they are
required, the history of the challenge coin remains a part of military
tradition, and Marines will continue to display them proudly for years
to come.
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